AGRICULTURAL PROJECTS
Subtitle
Agriculture & Livestock Projects
The main shocks reported by interviewed households included dry spells, high food prices, sickness or death of household members, loss of income, pests and diseases affecting both crops and livestock, and high fuel prices. Somalia's food-security situation remains dire, with 3.5 million people expected to face severe food insecurity by the end of 2021. Furthermore, 1.2 million children under the age of five are at risk of being acutely malnourished, with nearly 213 400 at risk of being severely malnourished by July 2022. Poor rains have resulted in lower-than-average Gu crop yields in the south and poor harvest prospects in agro-pastoral livelihood zones in the north-west (Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit [FSNAU] and Famine Early Warning Systems Network [FEWS NET], 2021). When compared to a typical year, more than half of crop-producing households reported lower output during the Gu season.
Livestock production challenges included: constrained access to pasture and water, pests and diseases, limited access to veterinary services; high cost of feed; a lack of market access and conflict or insecurity.
Livestock-producing households reported low prices for their production, reduced demand, difficulties accessing slaughterhouses and high marketing costs. Reduced prices can be attributed to emaciated livestock as a result of inadequate pasture and water resources (FAO, 2021a).
Among fishing households, 31 percent reported decreased production compared to the previous year. The most frequently reported challenges included restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, difficulties accessing fishing inputs and labour, challenges finding fish and high fuel prices.
Household Dietary Diversity Scores indicated that 22 percent of households had consumed 5–12 food groups in the previous 24 hours, 44 percent had consumed 3–4 food groups and 34 percent had consumed 0–2 food groups.
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Drought is still ravaging the country. Drought is expected to last through the Deyr (rainy) season, which runs from October to December, after two failed growing seasons due to pasture and water shortages (FAO, 2021a; Intergovernmental Panel on Development - Climate Prediction and Application Center [ICPAC], 2021a; ICPAC, 2021b).
Conflict and insecurity remain prominent: 574 000 displacements occurred in 2021 alone, of which 413 000 were due to conflict, aggravating preexisting vulnerabilities (Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees [UNHCR], 2021a.
Difficulties reported by crop-producing households included inadequate water for irrigation, plant pests and diseases, lack of insecticides, low seed quality, crop loss and damage and lack of farm inputs including seeds, fertilizer and equipment.
Difficulties with crop sales included: low farm-gate prices; reduced demand; high marketing costs induced by increased transportation costs; crop damage and loss (due to flooding and withering); and difficulty processing produce.
HEFO Interventions
- Livestock treatment Campaign projects
- Resilience Projects
- Institutional Capacity building:
- CAWS trainings
- Trainings provide on the department of animal health in modern disease reporting, active and passive surveillance systems, proper sample collection, examination, and result interpretation in accordance with OIE animal health manuals and standards
- Scaling up the quality control department in terms of meat and milk hygiene, abattoir management, pre-request HACCP, Codex Alimentarius concepts, food safety and food hygiene standards based on WTO and ISO standards.
- Mapping the livestock value chain and assisting Somalia and Somaliland with product certification; writing and developing regulations and policies for abattoirs, private meat industries, and milk industries.
- Examine existing acts, such as the meat act, which has already been completed, the milk act, which is currently being drafted, and so on.
- Established and drafted Livestock Master Plan (LMP), which will outline livestock-sector investment interventions such as improved genetics, feed and health services, and complementary policy support, by improving productivity and total production in the key livestock value chains of poultry, red meat, and dairy.
- CAWS trainings
- Trainings provide on the department of animal health in modern disease reporting, active and passive surveillance systems, proper sample collection, examination, and result interpretation in accordance with OIE animal health manuals and standards
- Scaling up the quality control department in terms of meat and milk hygiene, abattoir management, pre-request HACCP, Codex Alimentarius concepts, food safety and food hygiene standards based on WTO and ISO standards.
- Mapping the livestock value chain and assisting Somalia and Somaliland with product certification; writing and developing regulations and policies for abattoirs, private meat industries, and milk industries.
- Examine existing acts, such as the meat act, which has already been completed, the milk act, which is currently being drafted, and so on.
- Established and drafted Livestock Master Plan (LMP), which will outline livestock-sector investment interventions such as improved genetics, feed and health services, and complementary policy support, by improving productivity and total production in the key livestock value chains of poultry, red meat, and dairy.
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In the 30 days preceding the survey, 19 percent of respondents employed Stress-level coping strategies, 45 percent engaged in Crisis-level coping strategies and 24 percent resorted to Emergency-level coping strategies.
Based on the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), 47 percent of respondents experienced moderate or severe food insecurity, and 17 percent experienced severe food insecurity. According to Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) thresholds for the FIES, 34 percent had scores in line with Crisis (IPC Phase 3) or Emergency (IPC Phase 4) levels of food insecurity.
Ninety-four percent of respondents expressed the need for assistance. Major needs included inputs, veterinary services, water for irrigation, cash, assistance with livestock production, marketing support, storage facilities, land access and rehabilitation, and information on how to minimize COVID-19 infections.
Inclusion:
Gender in equality is one of the key challenges of the twenty first century, poverty and gender equality continue to be major challenges of the twenty first century. Poverty and gender equality continue to be major challenges worldwide, particularly in the developing world. Livestock institutions, producers, women who have small enterprises and those who have already in the value chain are being supported through (VSLAs) Village saving loan associations.
V. Strengthening the livestock sector: This part will support expansion of research and extension in areas of breed improvement, good animal husbandry practices, animal health and disease surveillance, and scientific herd management.
However, it will provision investments towards rebuilding the public veterinary service according to good international practices, based on a performance and needs assessment to be conducted by the OIE.
VI. Farmer Field School (FFS) and Agro-pastoralists Field Schools (APFS) established and largely adopted.
VII. Community Engagement and Technology Transfer: For instance creating a common interest groups (CIGs)
Some Agriculture Project Pictures
